TABLE OF CONTENTS
DECLARATION ............................................................................................................................. i
APPROVAL.................................................................................................................................... ii
DEDICATION ...............................................................................................................................iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................................................. iv
LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABREVIATIONS .......................................................................... v
OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS.................................................................................................. vi
LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................................... xi
LIST OF FIGURES....................................................................................................................... xii
ABSTRACT.................................................................................................................................xiii
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION............................................................................................. 1
1.0 BACKGROUND....................................................................................................................... 1
1.1. PROBLEM STATEMENT.................................................................................................. 2
1.3. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY ............................................................................................... 3
1.3.1. GENERAL OBJECTIVE.................................................................................................. 3
1.3.2. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES ................................................................................................. 3
1.4. RESEARCH QUESTIONS...................................................................................................... 3
1.5. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY......................................................................................... 4
1.6.1. GEOGRAPHICAL SCOPE .............................................................................................. 4
1.6.2. TIME SCOPE.................................................................................................................... 4
1.6.3. CONTENT SCOPE........................................................................................................... 4
1.7. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK ............................................................................................ 4
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................. 6
2.0 INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................... 6
2.1 CAREGIVERS' KNOWLEDGE ON PREVENTION OF DIARRHEA IN CHILDREN
UNDER FIVE YEARS................................................................................................................... 6
2.2. CAREGIVERS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS PREVENTION OF DIARRHEA IN CHILDREN
UNDER FIVE YEARS................................................................................................................... 7
2.3 CAREGIVERS' PRACTICES TOWARDS PREVENTION OF DIARRHEA IN CHILDREN
UNDER FIVE YEARS................................................................................................................... 8
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CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY ..................................................................................... 10
3.0 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................... 10
3.1 STUDY DESIGN.................................................................................................................... 10
3.2 STUDY AREA........................................................................................................................ 10
3.3 STUDY POPULATION ......................................................................................................... 10
3.4 SELECTION CRITERIA........................................................................................................ 10
3.4.1 INCLUSION CRITERIA................................................................................................. 10
3.4.2 EXCLUSION CRITERIA................................................................................................ 10
3.5 SAMPLE SIZE DETERMINATION CAREGIVERS SAMPLE........................................... 11
3.6 SAMPLING TECHNIQUE .................................................................................................... 11
3.7 SOURCE OF DATA............................................................................................................... 11
3.8 DATA COLLECTION TECHNIQUES AND INSTRUMENTS........................................... 11
3.9 DATA MANAGEMENT........................................................................................................ 11
3.10 DATA ANALYSIS............................................................................................................... 11
3.11 QUALITY CONTROL TECHNIQUES............................................................................... 12
3.12 ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS.......................................................................................... 12
CHAPTER FOUR: STUDY FINDINGS...................................................................................... 13
4.0. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................. 13
4.1. CAREGIVERS’ GENERAL INFORMATION AND BIODATA........................................ 13
4.1.1. RELATION OF THE PRIMARY CAREGIVER TO THE UNDER-FIVE....................... 13
4.1.2. AGES OF CAREGIVERS .................................................................................................. 13
4.1.3. PLACE OF RESIDENCE OF CAREGIVERS................................................................... 14
4.1.4. LEVEL OF EDUCATION OF CAREGIVERS ................................................................. 15
4.1.5. CAREGIVER MARITAL STATUS................................................................................... 15
4.1.6. RELIGIOUS AFFILIATIONS OF THE CAREGIVERS................................................... 15
4.1.7. EMPLOYMENT STATUS OF CAREGIVERS................................................................. 16
4.1.8. NUMBER OF PEOPLE PER HOUSEHOLD .................................................................... 16
4.1.9. MONEY SPENT DAILY FOR DOMESTIC USE............................................................. 17
4.2. CAREGIVER KNOWLEDGE ON PREVENTION OF DIARRHOEA IN UNDER-FIVES
....................................................................................................................................................... 17
4.2.1. TYPE OF DIARRHOEA THE CHILD SUFFERED IN THE PAST TWO WEEKS ....... 18
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4.3. CAREGIVERS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS DIARRHOEA PREVENTION AMONG THE
UNDER-FIVES ............................................................................................................................ 18
4.3.1. LIKELYHOOD OF THEIR UNDER-FIVES GETTING DIARRHOEA IN THE NEXT
MONTH........................................................................................................................................ 19
4.3.2. SATISFACTION WITH THE CURRENT WATER SUPPLY ......................................... 19
4.4. PRACTICES OF CAREGIVERS CONCERNING PREVENTION OF DIARRHOEA
AMONG UNDER-FIVES ............................................................................................................ 20
4..4.1. EXLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING PRACTICES ................................................................ 20
4.4.2. REGULAR SOURCE OF WATER FOR DOMESTIC USE & METHODS OF
TREATMENT. ............................................................................................................................. 20
4.4.3. HUMAN WASTE DISPOSAL........................................................................................... 21
4.4.4. HANDWASHING PRACTICES....................................................................................... 22
CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSIONS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ............. 23
5.0. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................. 23
5.1. DISCUSSIONS OF THE STUDY FINDINGS ..................................................................... 23
5.1.1. KNOWLEDGE OF RESPONDENTS CONCERNING DIARRHOEA PREVENTION.. 23
5.1.2. CAREGIVERS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS DIARRHOEA AND DIARRHOEA
PREVENTION AMONG UNDER-FIVES.................................................................................. 23
5.1.3. CAREGIVERS’ PRACTICE CONCERNING DIARRHOEA PREVENTION AMONG
THE UNDER-FIVES.................................................................................................................... 24
5.2. CONCLUSIONS.................................................................................................................... 25
5.3. RECOMMENDATIONS ....................................................................................................... 25
5.3.1. TO THE CAREGIVERS OF UNDER-FIVES OF OLUFU............................................... 25
5.3.2. TO THE HEALTHCARE SECTOR IN OLUFU SUB-COUNTY .................................... 25
5.3.3. TO THE LOCAL ADMINISTRATION OF OLUFU SUB-COUNTY ............................. 25
REFERENCES.............................................................................................................................. 27
APPENDICES............................................................................................................................... 30
APPENDIX I: CONSENT FORM FOR THE CAREGIVERS ................................................ 30
APPENDIX II: QUESTIONNAIRE......................................................................................... 31
APPENDIX III: WORK PLAN ................................................................................................ 37
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APPENDIX IV: BUDGET ....................................................................................................... 38
APPENDIX V: MAP OF MARACHA DISTRICT (RED STAR & RED INSET) ................. 39
ABSTRACT Introduction: Diarrhoea, especially among the under-fives is a matter of public health importance globally given the annual morbidity and mortality it causes to this vulnerable age group. Globally, in 2015, it was estimated that diarrhoea was the leading cause of death among all ages (1·31 million deaths, 95% uncertainty interval [95% UI] 1·23 million to 1·39 million), as well as a leading cause of DALYs because of its disproportionate impact on young children (71·59 million DALYs, 66·44 million to 77·21 million). Diarrhoea was a common cause of death among children under 5 years old. When diarrhea becomes persistent in the community, it threatens children’s quality of life and strains the capacity of the economy and households (families) in terms of incurred costs in the health sector and medical bills. However, reduction can be achieved by following preventive measures, which are cost effective in the long run. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess caregivers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding the prevention of diarrhea in children under five years at Kijomoro Health Centre III Olufu Sub County, Maracha District in June 2018 Objective: was to assess the caregivers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices on prevention of diarrhea in children under five years at Kijomoro Health Centre III Olufu Sub County, Maracha District in June 2018. Method: A cross-sectional study that involved 217 caregivers to children aged below five years in Kijomoro Health Centre III in Olufu Sub-County was used. Data was collected using a specifically tailored questionnaire aimed at meeting the study objectives. Results: A total of two hundred and seventeen (217) caregivers took part in the study. Caregivers had adequate knowledge, poor attitudes and inappropriate practice as far as diarrhoea prevention among the under-fives was concerned. Conclusion: In spite of the impressive knowledge on diarrhoea and diarrhoea prevention of the caregivers of the under-fives of Olufu Sub-county, their attitudes and practice do not reflect this. Their attitude and practice leave a lot to be desired
